Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: A Governance Perspective
Abstract
Entrepreneurial ecosystems have grown in prominence given the vital need to transform economies around the creation of innovative products and services,thereby leading to wealth creation and international competitiveness. Such ecosystems involve a network of interactions of individuals and organizations from business, government and university. Despite the heightened popularity of entrepreneurial ecosystems, more attention is needed on the effective governance of its key stakeholders to ensure that anticipated outcomes are achieved. The current literature focuses mainly on business stakeholders rather than the wider variety of players from government and university who also play a critical role. It also inadequately addresses the governance process in managing these stakeholders to ensure appropriate performance. To address these issues, this study applies network governance theories to the entrepreneurship literature. In so doing, it offers pertinent governance implications to key stakeholders involved in entrepreneurial ecosystems including firms, universities and government agencies.
Downloads
References
Patel, F, Sooknanan, P, Rampersad, GC, Munkkur, A, (2012). Information technology, development and social change: Routledge. ISBN:0415502683 9780415502689
Rampersad, G, Troshani, I, (2013) High-speed broadband: assessing its social impact, Industrial Management & Data Systems, 113(4), 541-557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571311322784
Mason, C, Brown, R, (2014) Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship, Final Report to OECD, Paris, http://lib.davender.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Entrepreneurial-ecosystems-OECD.pdf
Stam, E, (2014) The Dutch entrepreneurial ecosystem, Available at SSRN 2473475,
Wessner, CW, (2005) Entrepreneurship and the innovation ecosystem policy lessons from the United States, in Local Heroes in the Global Village, ed: Springer, pp. 67-89.
Ács, ZJ, Autio, E, Szerb, L, (2014) National systems of entrepreneurship: Measurement issues and policy implications, Research Policy, 43(3), 476-494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.08.016
Acs, ZJ, Braunerhjelm, P, Audretsch, DB, Carlsson, B, (2009) The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, Small business economics, 32(1), 15-30. DOI: 10.1007/s11187-008-9157-3
Rampersad, G, Quester, P, Troshani, I, (2009) Developing and evaluating scales to assess innovation networks, International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning, 5(4), 402-420.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJTIP.2009.029378
Plewa, C, Baaken, T, Macpherson, G, Korff, N, Johnson, C, Rampersad, GC, (2013) The Evolution of University-Industry Linkages: A Framework, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management 30(1), 21-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2012.11.005
Alghamdi, IA, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2011) A suggested e-Government Framework for assessing organizational E-readiness in developing countries, in International Conference on Informatics Engineering and Information Science 479-498.
Plewa, C, Troshani, I, Francis, A, Rampersad, G, (2012) Technology adoption and performance impact in innovation domains, Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(5), 748-765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571211232316
Rampersad, G, Quester, P, Troshani, I, (2009) Management of networks involving technology transfer from public to private sector: a conceptual framework, International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, 8(2/3), 121-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJTTC.2009.024375
Rampersad, G, (2008). Management of Innovation Networks in Technology Transfer, PhD Thesis. Adelaide: University of Adelaide Business School.
Troshani, I, Rampersad, G, Plewa, C, (2011) Adopting innovation management software in university innovation commercialization, Journal of Computer Information Systems, 52(2), 83-92. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08874417.2011.11645543
Fradley, K, Troshani, I, Rampersad, G, De Ionno, P, (2012) An Organizing Vision Perspective on Green IS Development, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems, Orlando, USA.
Troshani, I, Rampersad, G, Wickramasinghe, N, (2011) On Cloud Nine? An Integrative Risk Management Framework for Cloud, in 24th Bled Conference 15-26.
Aarikka-Stenroos, L, Sandberg, B, Lehtimäki, T, (2014) Networks for the commercialization of innovations: A review of how divergent network actors contribute, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 365-381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.12.005
Corsaro, D, Cantù, C, Tunisini, A, (2012) Actors' heterogeneity in innovation networks, Industrial Marketing Management, 41(5), 780-789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.06.005
Manser, K, Hillebrand, B, Woolthuis, RK, Ziggers, GW, Driessen, PH, Bloemer, J, (2016) An activities-based approach to network management: An explorative study, Industrial Marketing Management, 55, 187-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.10.004
Mitrega, M, Pfajfar, G, (2015) Business relationship process management as company dynamic capability improving relationship portfolio, Industrial Marketing Management, 46, 193-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.02.029
Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P, Olander, H, Blomqvist, K, Panfilii, V, (2012) Orchestrating R&D networks: Absorptive capacity, network stability, and innovation appropriability, European Management Journal, 30(6), 552-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.002
Hara, Y, Endo, T, Kobayashi, H, (2015) The hidden abode of network orchestration: The case of de-legitimated diesel cars in Japan, Industrial Marketing Management, 49, 15-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.06.001
Rampersad, GC, (2015) Building University Innovation Ecosystems: The Role of Work Integrated Learning as a Core Element in the University-Industry Nexus, Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management, 4(1), 231-240. http://scitecresearch.com/journals/index.php/jrbem/article/view/323
Alghamdi, IA, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2011) E-government readiness assessment for government organizations in developing countries, Computer and Information Science, 4(3), 3.
Alghamdi, IA, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2013) Evaluation of Organizational E-Government Readiness in the Public Sector, International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications (IJESMA), 5(2), 1-21.
DOI: 10.4018/jesma.2013040101
Alghamdi, IA, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2016) Ready, Set, Govern: Readiness of Saudi Arabian Organizations for E-Government, International Journal of Electronic Government Research (IJEGR), 12(1), 69-98. DOI: 10.4018/IJEGR.2016010104
Alghamdi, IA, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2014) Organizational E-Government Readiness: An Investigation in Saudi Arabia, International Journal of Business and Management, 9(5), 14.
Alshardan, A, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2013) Measuring the benefits of IS in small organizations in developing countries, Management, 1(2). http://worldairco.org/IJCCIT/December2013Paper17.pdf
Alshardan, A, Goodwin, R, Rampersad, G, (2015) A Benefits Assessment Model of Information Systems for Small Organizations in Developing Countries, Computer and Information Science, 9(1), 1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v9n1p1
Rampersad, G, Patel, F, (2014) Creativity as a desirable graduate attribute: Implications for curriculum design and employability, Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 15(1), 1-11. http://www.apjce.org/files/APJCE_15_1_1_11.pdf
Rampersad, G, Troshani, I, Plewa, C, (2012) IOS adoption in innovation networks: a case study, Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(9), 1366-1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571211278974
Järvensivu, T, Möller, K, (2009) Metatheory of network management: A contingency perspective, Industrial Marketing Management, 38(6), 654-661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.005
Ojasalo, J, (2004) Key network management, Industrial Marketing Management, 33(3), 195-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2003.10.009
Hakanen, T, (2014) Co-creating integrated solutions within business networks: The KAM team as knowledge integrator, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(7), 1195-1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.08.002
Holmen, E, Aune, TB, Pedersen, A-C, (2013) Network pictures for managing key supplier relationships, Industrial Marketing Management, 42(2), 139-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.12.003
Roseira, C, Brito, C, Ford, D, (2013) Network pictures and supplier management: An empirical study, Industrial Marketing Management, 42(2), 234-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.08.006
La Rocca, A, Snehota, I, (2014) Relating in business networks: Innovation in practice, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 441-447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.12.012
Biddle, BJ, Thomas, EJ, (1966). Role Theory: Concepts and Research: John Wiley & Sons.
Zurcher, LA, (1983). Social Roles: Conformity, Conflict and Creativity. London: Sage Publications.
Minzberg, H, (1980). The Nature of Managerial Work: Prentice-Hall.
Shenkar, O, Ronen, S, Shefy, E, Han-sui Chow, I, (1998) The Role Structure of Chinese Managers, Human Relations, 51(1), 51-72.
Vilkinas, T, Cartan, G, (2001) The Behavioural Control Room for Managers: The Integrator Role, Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 22(4), 175-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437730110395079
Anderson, H, Havila, V, Anderson, P, Halinen, A, (1998) Position and Role Conceptualizing Dynamics in Business Networks, Scandinavian Journal of Management, 14(3), 167-186. doi:10.1016/S0956-5221(97)00037-7
Heikkinen, MT, Mainela, T, Still, J, Tahtinen, J, (2007) Roles for Managing in Mobile Service Development Nets, Industrial Marketing Management, 36(7), 909-925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.05.014
Knight, L, Harland, C, (2005) Managing Supply Networks: Organizational Roles in Network Management, European Management Journal, 23(3), 281 - 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2005.04.006
Nyström, A-G, Leminen, S, Westerlund, M, Kortelainen, M, (2014) Actor roles and role patterns influencing innovation in living labs, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 483-495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.12.016
Gemünden, HG, Salomo, S, Hölzle, K, (2007) Role models for radical innovations in times of open innovation, Creativity and innovation management, 16(4), 408-421. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8691.2007.00451.x
Daniel Kindström, DCK, Dr, Nätti, S, Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P, J. Johnston, W, (2014) Absorptive capacity and network orchestration in innovation communities–promoting service innovation, Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 29(2), 173-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-08-2013-0167
Ritala, P, Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P, Nätti, S, (2012) Coordination in innovation-generating business networks-the case of Finnish mobile TV development, Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 27(4), 324-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08858621211221698
Jarillo, JC, (1988) On Strategic Networks, Strategic Management Journal, 9(1), 31-41. DOI: 10.1002/smj.4250090104
Partanen, J, Möller, K, (2012) How to build a strategic network: A practitioner-oriented process model for the ICT sector, Industrial Marketing Management, 41(3), 481-494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.05.002
Agranoff, R, McGuire, M, (2001) Big questions in public network management research, Journal of public administration research and theory, 11(3), 295-326.
McGuire, M, (2002) Managing networks: Propositions on what managers do and why they do it, Public administration review, 62(5), 599-609. DOI: 10.1111/1540-6210.00240
Mandell, MP, (1988) Intergovernmental management in interorganizational networks: A revised perspective, International Journal of Public Administration, 11(4), 393-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900698808524595
O'Toole Jr, LJ, (1988) Strategies for intergovernmental management: Implementing programs in interorganizational networks, International Journal of Public Administration, 11(4), 417-441.
Dhanaraj, C, Parkhe, A, (2006) Orchestrating innovation networks, Academy of management review, 31(3), 659-669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900698808524596
Purchase, S, Olaru, D, Denize, S, (2014) Innovation network trajectories and changes in resource bundles, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 448-459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.12.013
Perkmann, M, Tartari, V, McKelvey, M, Autio, E, Brostrom, PE, Fini, R, et al., (2013) Academic engagement and commercialisation: A review of the literature on university-industry relations, Research Policy, 42, 423-442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007
Estrada, I, Faems, D, de Faria, P, (2016) Coopetition and product innovation performance: The role of internal knowledge sharing mechanisms and formal knowledge protection mechanisms, Industrial Marketing Management, 53, 56-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.11.013
Chyi, Y-L, Lai, Y-M, Liu, W-H, (2012) Knowledge spillovers and firm performance in the high-technology industrial cluster, Research Policy, 41(3), 556-564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.12.010
WEForum. (2014). World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014. Accessed. June 19, 2014, Available: www.weforum.org
Cowan, R, Zinovyeva, N, (2013) University effects on regional innovation, Research Policy, 42, 788-800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.10.001
Baraldi, E, Ingemansson, M, Launberg, A, (2014) Controlling the commercialisation of science across inter-organisational borders: Four cases from two major Swedish universities, Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 382-391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.12.006
Levén, P, Holmström, J, Mathiassen, L, (2014) Managing research and innovation networks: Evidence from a government sponsored cross-industry program, Research Policy, 43(1), 156-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.08.004
Diez, MA, (2001) The evaluation of regional innovation and cluster policies: towards a participatory approach, European Planning Studies, 9(7), 907-923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654310120079832
Iacobucci, D, (1996). Networks in Marketing. California, London, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Galliers, RD, (1990) Choosing appropriate information systems research approaches: a revised taxonomy, in The Information Systems Research Arena of the 90's, Perceptions and Alternative Approaches, H.E. Nissen, H. K. Klein, and R. Hirscheheim, Eds., ed Copenhagen, pp. 155-173.
MDPP. (2016). Medical Device Partnering Program. Accessed. March 18, 2016, Available: www.flinders.edu.au/mdpp
NVI. (2016). New Venture Institute. Accessed. March 18, Available: http://nviflinders.com.au
Tonsley. (2016). Tonsley entrepreneurial ecoystem. Accessed. March 18, Available: www.tonsley.com
DMITRE, "Manufacturing Works: A strategy for driving high-value manufacturing in South Australia: Department for Manufacturing, Innovation, Trade, Resources and Energy (DMITRE), Government of South Australia.," 2012.
Tonsley. (2016). Tonsley innovation network. Accessed. March 18, Available: www.tonsley.com
Rampersad, GC, Quester, P, Troshani, I, (2010) Examining network factors : commitment, trust, coordination and harmony, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 25(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08858621011077727
Möller, KK, Rajala, A, (2007) Rise of strategic nets - new modes of value creation, Industrial Marketing Management, 36(7), 895-908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.05.016
TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT
JRBEM is pleased to undertake the publication of your contribution to Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management.
The copyright to this article is transferred to JRBEM(including without limitation, the right to publish the work in whole or in part in any and all forms of media, now or hereafter known) effective if and when the article is accepted for publication thus granting JRBEM all rights for the work so that both parties may be protected from the consequences of unauthorized use.