Reactive Crisis Management Model

  • Parvinder Pal Singh Research Scholar, Department of Business Management, Guru Nanak Dev University Regional Campus, Gurdaspur, Punjab.
  • Harpreet Singh Chahal Asst. Professor, Department of Business Management, Guru Nanak Dev University Regional campus, Gurdaspur,Punjab.
Keywords: Crisis Management, Reactive Model, Communication, Management Teams.

Abstract

Crisis is an ever present threat to an organization in our society. When a crisis occurs, an organization must act immediately to protect its reputation. There is a need of wide range study of crisis management. Various models regarding crisis management have been presented by various experts. These models are mainly proactive in nature having (1) Pre Crisis phase (2) Crisis phase (3) Post Crisis phase. Crisis management is a situation-based management system that includes clear roles and responsibilities and process related organizational requirements company-wide. As we know, crisis is an uncertain event, so preparing in advance for it is probably not possible. Even in diffusion of innovation theory it is discussed that during crisis, every employee should think out of the box and come up with novel ideas to overcome hard times. In this article, an attempt has been made to prepare a reactive crisis model which suggests a way to deal with crisis at the time it occurs. In this model, the crisis management protocol should follow three steps, namely, (1) GET (2) SET (3) GO. In first step, basic information regarding the crisis should be gathered viz, cause and severity of crisis. In second step, crisis management plans and teams should be formulated keeping in view the severity of crisis and the third step should deal with the execution of formulated plans with the help of crisis management team.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anon, (1999a). Coke adds life, but cannot always explain it. Lancet, 354, 173.

Baker, G. F. (2001). Race and reputation: Restoring image beyond the crisis in health. In R L. Heath (Ed.), Handbook of Public Relations. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publishers.

Barton, L. (2001). Crisis in Organizations II. South-Western College Publishing –Thomson Learning, Cincinnati, OH.

Barton L. (1993). Crisis in Organizations: Managing and communicating in the Heat of Chaos. Cincinnati, OH: College Division South-Western Publishers.

BrandZ, The Guardian

Cornelissen, J. (2011). Corporate Communication: A Guide to Theory and Practice (3rd. edition) London, Sage Publishers.

Kaminski, J. (2011). Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Canadian Journal of Nursing Informatics, 6(2). Theory in Nursing Informatics Column. http://cjni.net/journal/?p=1444

Coombs, W.T., Frandsen, F., Holladay, S.J., & Johansen, W. (2010). Why a concern for apologia and crisis communication? Corporate Communications: An International Journal 15(4): 337-349.

Coombs, W.T. (2007), Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Corporate reputation review.

Coca-Cola Enterprises, (2000). Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc., 2000. 1999 Financial Report. http://www.cokecce.com/srclib/investor/1999_annual_report/cce99fin.pdf (accessed15.10.2001).

Coombs, W. T. (1999). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishers.

Coombs, W. T. (1999). “Information and Compassion in Crisis Responses: A Test of Their Effects”. Journal of Public Relations Research.

Coombs, W. T. (1995). Choosing the right words: The development of guidelines for the selection of the “appropriate” crisis response strategies. Management Communication Quarterly. 8(4): 447-476.

Dorn, M. (2000). An Effective Crisis Response Team, School Planning & Management. 39, 18.

Dougherty, D. (1992). Interpretive barriers to successful product innovations in large firms. Organization science. 3(2): 179-202.

Dunlop, J. T. (1958). Industrial Relations Systems. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston

Fearn-Banks, K. (2009). Crisis Communication: A Casebook Approach. Third edition, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Mahwah, New Jersey London. Retrieved 15 April, 2014, from

http://www.asb.eblib.com.ez.statsbiblioteket.dk:2048/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=446794.

Fink, S. (1986). Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable. New York, NY: American Management Association).

Herman, C. F., eds. (1972). International Crises: Insights from Behavioral Research. New York: Free Press.

James, E; Lynn. (2010). Leading Under Pressure. Routledge Academic.

Chong, J. K. S. (2004). Six steps to better crisis management. Journal of Business Strategy. 25(2): 43-46.

Lerbinger, O. (1997). The Crisis Manager: Facing Risk and Responsibility. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, p-28

Millar, D. P., & Heath, R. L. (Eds.). (2003). Responding to crisis: A rhetorical approach to crisis communication. Mahwah, NJ, Routledge.

Mitroff, I. I., & Alpasian, M. C. (2003). Preparing for evil. Harvard Business School Publishers.

Mitroff, I. I., Harrington, L., & Erick, K. (1996). Thinking about the unthinkable. Across the Board. pp 44-48.

Mitroff, I. I., Shrivastava, P., & Udwadia, W. A. (1987). Effective crisis management. The Academy of Management Perspective. 1(4): 283-292.

Pinsdrof, M.K. (1999). Communicating when your company is under siege, surviving public crisis. 3rd edition, Lexington, M.A. Lexington books, USA.

Pearson, C. M., & Clair, J. A. (1998). Reframing crisis management. Academy of Management Review. 23(1): 59-76.

Pearson, C. M., Misra S. K., Clair J.A. & Mitroff I.I. (1997). Managing the Unthinkable, Organizational dynamics. 26(2): 51-64.

Pauchant, T. C., & Mitroff, I. I. (1992). Transforming the crisis-prone organization. 6th edition, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, p-12.

Pauchant T. C., & Mitroff I. I. (1992). Transforming the Crisis-Prone Organization: Preventing Individual, Organizational, and Environmental Tragedies. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.

Regester, M., & Larkin, J. (2008). Risk Issues and Crisis Management in Public Relations: A Casebook of Best Practices (4thed.). London, UK: Kogan Page Publisher.

Rosenthal, U., & Kouzmin, A. (1997). Crises and Crisis Management: Toward Comprehensive Government Decision Making. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 7(2): 277-304.

Rediff, Public Relations Consultants Association of India

Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., & Seeger, M.W. (2011). Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishers.

Weiner, B. (2006) Social Motivation, Justice, and the Moral Emotions: An Attributional Approach, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Mahwah, NJ.

Williams, D., & Olaniran, B. (1998). Expanding the crisis planning function: Introducing elements of risk communication to crisis. Public Relations Review. 24: 387-400.

Published
2015-08-18
How to Cite
Singh, P. P., & Chahal, H. S. (2015). Reactive Crisis Management Model. Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management, 4(1), 249-255. Retrieved from http://scitecresearch.com/journals/index.php/jrbem/article/view/343
Section
Articles