Economic Development Process: a compartmental analysis of a macroeconomic model

Amadou Banda NDIONE; Charles Awono ONANA

Amadou Banda NDIONE University of Yaounde I, National advanced School of engineering, Cameroon
Charles Awono ONANA University of Yaounde I, Faculty of Sciences, Saudi Arabia

Keywords: Compartmental systems; economic development; dynamical system; global sensitivity analysis; fiscal policy.

Abstract

Economic growth and development have always been an interesting topic for economists. Since development is a dynamical process, we developed a new dynamical mathematical model describing the process of economic development. In this paper the compartmental approach, traditionally used in mathematical biology, is applied to built a macroeconomic model characterized by countries. Countries are divided into three classes based on their economic status: D(t) developing countries at time t, E(t) emerging countries at time t and A(t) advanced countries at time t. This minimalist model represents the different stage of development and encompasses the conditions under which a country can change its economic status. Numerical simulations on real economic data are provided in order to illustrate the theoretical part and to support discussion. On the other hand, a global sensitivity analysis is done to identify the factors that most influence the level of development of countries.

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