Tsetse Fly Infection Dynamics and its Implications with Control of Trypanosomiasis in Kajo-Keji County, South Sudan
Abstract
A two-year study was conducted in Kajo-keji County South Sudan to evaluate tsetse fly infection dynamics which implicate the control of trypanosomiasis in the study area.Infection dynamics ofthe flieswas assessed and monitored using biconical traps.Captured flies were identified, segregated into sexes and age examined using wing fray and ovarian techniques for males and females, respectively. RIME-LAMP test was used to detectTrypanosome species in the midguts of wild tsetse flies.The non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to assess the difference in the number of the infected flies between the dry and the wet season counts.The mean infected G.f. fuscipes were: male 6 ±1.4, female 3 ± 1.0 and male 10 ± 2.0, female 3 ± 0.7 in the dry and wet seasons of the year 2011; male,6 ± 1.4,female 6 ±1.4 and male,10 ± 2, female3 ± 0.8 in the dry and wet seasons of 2012.Infection showed significant differences (Z=-2.03, P = 0.04) with both seasons in 2011 and no significant differences (Z=-1.41, P = 0.16) in 2012. Number of infected male and female flies was positively correlated with the fly age in the dry (Male, R2=0.94; female, R2=0.86) and wet (Male, R2=0.97; female, R2=1) seasons in 2011 and (Male, R2=0.90; female, R2=0.94) in the dry and wet (Male, R2= 0.97 female, R2=1) seasons in 2012.These results showed thatG. f.fuscipeswere infected with T.brucei gambiense and they were proved to be potential vectors for HAT in the study area. Hence, the implications of Tsetse fly infection dynamics in the control of trypanosomiasis need development of further control strategies for sustainable development of livestock and human resources in Kajo-keji County.
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